Why Europe’s Defence Depends on Democracy – and How to Take it Seriously

Zeitenwende, 'wake-up call,' or 'historic turning point' describe the moment rather than resolve it – and CEE can become a test case to change that

26 June 2026

Goran Buldioski and Omri Preiss

Europe is not short of good intentions for strengthening its defence and security. From elite meetings in a Swiss alpine village to conferences in Bavarian hotels, new calls to action are created day in and day out. But without strong societal foundations, these will not yield results.

There is an emerging central problem of European defense. Europe committed itself to investing heavily in military capabilities and industrial capacity. But a defence that rests on brittle institutions, fragmented public trust and disengaged citizens is structurally weak. Europe’s security challenge is therefore not only about weapons and hardware. It is about democratic resilience and societal preparedness. And this is easier said than done.

Defence needs societal foundations

As European leadership pivots toward self-reliance and stronger deterrence, it must build on solid civic infrastructure, which is currently seriously overstretched. Election integrity, trusted information, free media, citizen participation and readiness for crises and hybrid threats are not optional extras but the essential conditions that make ‘hard’ defence possible, credible and sustainable.

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