Tiger Economy Solution for European Defence

How South Korea's defence industry complements deterrence efforts on NATO's eastern flank

17 December 2025

As Russia’s war is entering an unpredictable phase, building credible deterrence is a matter of survival for Eastern Europe. In this environment, the Asian Tiger provides an opportunity we cannot replicate.

Russia’s threat will not end in Ukraine

Whatever trajectory the war in Ukraine takes, Russia is likely to maintain a revisionist posture. Moscow is rebuilding defence industrial output at a pace unseen since the Cold War, prioritising artillery, missiles, drones and air-defence systems. These capabilities are not being developed solely for Ukraine. They are intended to re-establish Russia’s influence on the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)’s eastern flank and threaten European defence.

Europe’s geopolitical structure indicates that Moscow’s intentions are closely connected with the security of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. This region combines strategic location with vulnerability: deeply integrated into European institutions yet adjacent to Russian malign interference. The risk is not confined to territorial aggression. It also includes hybrid warfare, coercion and gradual encroachment on deterrence.

The European defence industry cannot rearm in time

Yet despite unprecedented political momentum, Europe faces serious industrial limitations. Expansion of production lines is slow, supply chains are fragile and workforce constraints are limiting output. Large orders placed after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine have often resulted in delivery timelines stretching into several years. That is too slow when a major threat could emerge rapidly.

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Ju Hyung Kim

Dr. Ju Hyung Kim currently serves as a President at the Security Management Institute, a defence think tank affiliated with the South Korean National Assembly. He has been involved in numerous defence projects and has provided consultation to several key organisations, including the Republic of Korea Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Defence Acquisition Program Administration, the Ministry of National Defence, the Korea Institute for Defence Analysis, the Agency for Defence Development, and the Korea Research Institute for Defence Technology Planning and Advancement. He holds a doctoral degree in international relations from the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) in Japan, a master’s degree in conflict management from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), and a degree in public policy from Seoul National University’s Graduate School of Public Administration (GSPA).

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